Bc abap programming pdf

Programs that demonstrates objects in Control Framework I havent had much workbenvh to bbc it in Production. Floorplan Manager Examples and Demo applications. Want to know more? Contain programs that demonstrate concepts in Dialog Programming.

Contain programs that demonstrate Smartforms. Hope it will help you. Contain programs that show some worjbench concepts of ABAP. If you continue to use our site, you agree to this. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are as essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website.

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Great Article. This book begins with the programming of objects in general and the basics of the ABAP language that a developer needs to know to get started. That means ABAP language is very english like and easy to understand it. OData stands for Open Data Protocol. ABAP program will look like as ….

On the next pop-up window, enter details for the function text including Icon name which is Oops interview Questions. This document is a compilation of possible ABAP programming and efficiency standards and will provide guidance in creating readable, maintainable code. It is now used along with Java as the main programming language for the SAP application server. This tutorial helps you get started with ABAP programming from scatch. Section 1. Getting Started. This course is aimed exclusively at bc abap objects without any knowledge ojects object-oriented programming.

Course BC Reporting with the InfoSet Query and the QuickViewer gives a brief introduction to these standard tools and then focuses on the necessary knowledge and skills for preparing them, in an administrative sense, for mass use by end users. See reviews for other classes at Global Knowledge. The knowledge and skills you need to do this is imparted in course BC Programming Database Updates abqp, which is also listed in the learning path bc abap objects transaction processing.

This learning path groups all training courses together that address programming user dialogs. The analysis aspect for example, lists is not explicitly considered in the description above. Kids Academic Kids Language. Cb some assistance finding bc abap objects class?

Implementing data interfaces legacy data transfer or data exchange with external applications Implementing additional customer-specific functions or tailoring using standard enhancement options Creating and maintaining customer applications Modifying SAP standard objects The ABAP Workbench is the integrated development tool for Bc abap objects Web Application Server applications that bc abap objects the ABAP Objects programming language.

About This Handbook This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study. Typographic Conventions American English is the standard used in this handbook. The following typographic conventions are also used. Type Style Description Example text Words or characters that appear on the screen.

These include field names, screen titles, pushbuttons as well as menu names, paths, and options. Also used for cross-references to other documentation both internal in this documentation and external in other locations, such as SAPNet. This includes file and directory names and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, and passages of the source text of a program.

Example text Exact user entry. These are words and characters that you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the documentation. Pointed brackets indicate that you replace these words and characters with appropriate entries. Icons in Body Text The following icons are used in this handbook. In both cases, we will be focusing on concepts and fundamental principles.

We also introduce the appropriate terminology, so that you will find it easier to understand the in-depth documentation. We always handle these topics using practical application examples, so that you can immediately implement what you have learnt here. Above all, it should also be clear how little effort is needed, using the ABAP Workbench, to create high-performance business applications rapidly.

We are convinced that this course enables you to start developing immediately and provides the knowledge you will need to focus on the essentials in subsequent courses. In the SAP Web Application Server, presentations, application logic, and data storage can be assigned to different systems. This serves as the basis for the scalability of the system.

The lowest level is the database level. This data includes, apart from application data, the programs and the metadata that the system requires for self-management. The ABAP programs run at the application server level, that is, both the applications provided by SAP and the ones you develop yourself.

The ABAP programs read data from the database level, process the data, and possibly also store data there. The third level is the presentation server level. This level contains the user interface through which each user can access the program, enter new data, and receive the results of a work process. The technical distribution of software is independent of its physical location on the hardware. Vertically, all levels can be installed on top of each other on one computer or each level on a separate computer.

Horizontally, the presentation and application servers can be divided among any number of computers. The horizontal distribution of database components, however, depends on the type of database installed.

The interaction between one user and one ABAP program will be of primary interest to us during this course. The exact processes involved in user dispatching on an application server are secondary to understanding how to write an ABAP program. Therefore, we will be working with a simplified graphic that does not explicitly show the dispatcher and the work process. Certain graphics will, however, be enhanced to include these details whenever they are relevant to ABAP programming.

ABAP programs are processed on the application server. The design of user dialogs and database accesses is therefore of particular importance when writing application programs. The technical aspects of programming are less interesting for the user. The user does not need to know the precise flow of the ABAP program on the application server. Technically speaking, however, there are three different types of screens: standard screens, selection screens, and lists.

Each type of screen provides different services to the user. Here the task of the developer is to select for each user dialog exactly those types that are most suitable for the accomplishment of the tasks concerned. For this purpose, exact knowledge of the technical aspects is very helpful. Only certain parts of the ABAP program are processed. If a further user dialog is triggered from within the ABAP program, the system transmits the screen, and control is once again passed to the presentation server.

From this screen, the user can start an ABAP program through the menu path. The program context contains memory areas for variables and complex data objects, information on the screens for user dialogs, and ABAP processing blocks.

The runtime system gets all this program information from the Repository, which is a special part of the database. The sample program has a selection screen as the user dialog, a variable and a structure as data objects, and one ABAP processing block.

The list that is used to display the data is created dynamically at runtime. The ABAP runtime system controls the subsequent program flow. The presentation server controls the program flow for as long as the user enters data in the input fields. Selection screens allow users to enter selection criteria required by the program for it to continue. The entered data is then automatically placed in its corresponding data objects in the program and the ABAP runtime system resumes control of processing.

In our simple program example there is only one ABAP processing block. If the entries made by the user do not have the correct type, then an error message is automatically triggered. Therefore, information about which database table is to be accessed and which row in the table is to be read is passed to the database.

If a single record is accessed, this data object is usually a structure that contains components for all the required database fields.

After its completion, the runtime system sends this list as a screen to the presentation server. How the Topics are Organized in this Course Using this example program, we can cover numerous topics that are part of this course. We want to take the opportunity to again supply an orientation aid for the course flow.

Also, it presents the Object Navigator as a central development tool. In addition, the database also contains the Repository. The Repository thus contains all the development objects, for example, programs, definitions of database tables, or central data type definitions. Development objects are therefore also known as repository objects. Repository objects are always cross-client.

They can therefore be used and changed in all clients. Figure Structure of the Repository The Repository is subdivided according to application components. Within each application component, there are several packages, which are an even finer logical subdivision.

Repository objects are often made up of subobjects that are themselves repository objects. Each repository object must be assigned to a package when it is created. The application components are displayed in a tree structure in the application hierarchy.

Expanding a component displays all the packages that are assigned to that component. You can select subtrees and navigate from the application hierarchy into the Repository Information System. The system then collects all packages for the subtrees selected and passes them to the Information System. Suitable search criteria are available for the various repository objects. These tools cover the entire software development cycle.

This transaction provides you with a tree-like overview of all objects within a package or program. Double-click on an object to start the respective tool. You can select functions from a context menu in both screen areas. You are only given a choice of those functions that are provided for displaying or editing the object on which the cursor is positioned. You open the context menu for an object you have selected previously by right-clicking the object if you have a mouse for left-handed operation, then the left mouse button.

The object list is then displayed in the navigation area. However, these are not required during this training course. To display the subobjects, double-click an object within the object list.

Double-clicking on an object that does not have an object list means the object is displayed using the respective tool in the tool area. You can add object lists that you edit frequently to your favorites. Figure Navigation in the Tool Area In the tool area, you can display a navigation window showing your navigation history. There you see a list of the objects that you have displayed since starting the Object Navigator in the tool area.

The object currently displayed in the tool area is highlighted in color. This allows the navigation area to be used in a very flexible manner. The system then automatically selects the appropriate tool for processing the object selected.

To create objects from an object list, you can use the context menu for that object type. If there is no entry in the object list for the required object type, you can create any number of objects using Edit Object or Other Object. In addition, you will create a transaction code for this program and include this in your favorites for the SAP Easy Access menu.

Repository objects are automatically assigned to a transport route on the basis of their belonging to a particular development class and their actual function. A decisive criterion for the combination of development projects is, therefore, which repository objects need to be transported together because of their dependencies.

You perform the scheduling of the common transport for the repository objects using a change request. For those developers who do not belong to the team, the repository objects remain locked until the project is completed. The project manager assigns all project team members to the change request. The Transport Organizer then creates a task for each project developer. Thus, all repository objects that an employee works on during a development project are collected within his or her task.

The repository objects are therefore locked for all developers who do not belong to this particular project. Unlike the logical functional divisions that separate Repository objects using packages, change requests are project-related and therefore have a limitation with regard to the time schedule involved.

Thus, although a program always belongs to only one package, it can - at different times - belong to different projects. Navigate to the Object Navigator. Make sure you comply with the customer namespace conventions. If the package class does not already exist, the system branches to a dialog for creating a package.

Under More, enter the name of the package under Package. Create the attributes of the new package. Figure Setting Package Attributes Example You should check the settings for the attributes listed below. For more detailed information, select the field help F2. Transport Layer If you are executing your own developments, you must set up a transport layer for customer developments.

Person Responsible This person has full responsibility for the objects in this package. The system automatically uses your user name as a default value. Application Component Define the location of the package within the application hierarchy. Assign the package to a change request.

You can display all change requests in which you have a task using the My Tasks pushbutton. Figure Assignment to a Change Request Note: The system takes care of the exact assignment for your task.

Hint: All repository objects that are created or changed must be assigned to the change request of the respective project. Each group has a task within this change request. Type conversions and type casting are supported.

Using translatable text elements, you can develop multi-language applications. Thus, the ABAP syntax is platform-independent. ABAP has been developed further from release to release. If an old syntax statement has been replaced by a better one, you can still use the old statement.

The ABAP runtime system is therefore downward-compatible. Each statement must end with a period. The first word in a statement is called a keyword. Words must always be separated by at least one space. Statements can be indented. Statements can take up more than one line. You may have multiple statements in a single line. The ABAP runtime system does not distinguish between uppercase and lowercase letters for keywords, additions, and operands.

In order to keep a better overview in this course, we will display all keywords and their additions in uppercase letters, and all operands in lowercase letters. The respective comment line is then ignored by the ABAP runtime system. If you wish to have the rest of a line set as a comment, you must use double quotation marks ". The value zero means that the statement was successful. Read the keyword documentation for the respective statements to find out whether and how this return value is set in individual cases.

Comply with the customer namespace conventions. If the program does not exist, the system goes to the dialog sequence that lets you create a program. Trigger the dialog sequence for creating a program using the package context menu or the Program node. Choose the tab Program Objects and enter the name. Then choose Create. Otherwise, your source text would be distributed to several programs. Change the title into a self-explaining short text. These provide you with different views of the keyword documentation.

So that a repository object is available on a system-wide basis, it must first be available as an active version. This active version of your program will be used, for example, whenever a user wishes to execute your program. If your program is available in both versions, you can switch from one version to the other in display mode.

Whenever you activate a program, the system first displays a list of all inactive objects that you have processed. This is called the worklist.

This generated version is then the version that is executed interpreted. Generation takes place automatically, but it can also be triggered explicitly. If, for example, a user wishes to execute your program and there is still no generated version, the system will use the active version for generation.

However, you can decide yourself which version you wish to execute: Start your program from the navigation area, and the system will use the active version. Testing On the other hand, if you test an executable program from the ABAP Editor, the system will access the inactive version. The system temporarily creates a generated version. In this way it is possible to continue the development of a repository object without changing the current system status. Also, you can then start the program alternatively by entering the transaction code in the command field.

In addition, transaction codes provide several additional link options. Any number of transaction codes can be assigned to a program. In the Object Navigator, display the object list for your program. Enter a short text. On the next screen, enter the name of the program. Choose Professional User Transaction. Figure Creating Transaction Codes 5. Save the transaction code.

Since each transaction code is a Repository object, you must assign it to a package and to a change request on the following screens. In the Favorites context menu, choose Insert Transaction. In the dialog box that appears, enter the required transaction code. You can start the appropriate program from the context menu for this new node. To group the repository objects together logically and also transport them, you must create a package.

Task 1: Log on to the training system 1. Log on to the operating system and then to the specified training system using the user name the instructor has given you. Enter a new personal password. Task 2: Create Package 1. Assign it to the change request the instructor has given you. Assign all your repository objects in the following exercises to this package and this change request. Hint: It is best if you always work with the Object Navigator tool.

It provides you with an overview of all repository objects in your package. From here, you can edit each object directly by selecting it from this list. Task 1: Create program 1. Task 2: Edit program 1. Check your program for syntax errors, test it, and activate it a Carry out this step as described in the training material. Task 1: Create a transaction code 1. Start object: Program and selection screen report transaction. Execute your program by entering the new transaction code.

Task 2: Add to favorites. Execute your program by double-clicking the new favorite entry. Refer to the online documentation for each tool. In addition, the distinction between structures and transparent tables will be explained. A business unit then represents an entity.

These entities relate to each other. The entities and relationships are visible from the data model. Based on this data model, you can find the conversion of the table definitions and their relationships in the ABAP Dictionary. The actual application data is then on the database itself physically. This view is different to that of a travel agency: In the data model, which is tailored for managing the necessary data, the data is stored in tables in a central database, organized according to technical criteria.

The amount of data stored far exceeds the demands of a customer. You must be able to compile the data to suit the demands of the customer using application programs. You can manage all necessary data, without redundancies, using these relationships. At the same time, the travel agency is able to obtain all data requested by the customer.

A transparent table contains different columns to allow structured management of the data records. In this context, the term table key is of particular importance.

The table key is the combination of key fields. The values in the key fields allow the system to uniquely identify all data records.

Key fields that link to other tables are called foreign key fields. Using these foreign key relationships, you can manage the data in a hierarchy and in a consistent fashion. In any other case we refer to primary key fields. Semantic properties, such as field labels, are stored in the data element.

You normally use a domain for the technical properties. This is where the data type, amongst other things, is stored. The Key indicator marks a field as a key field. You normally type a field using a data element Field Type. The short description stored for the data element is displayed here once again. The same applies for the technical attributes of the field Data Type, Length, and Dec.

A data element normally uses a domain! This provides us with a logical view of the table. It is a purely technical description. As soon as it is physically converted, the table is in the database. The table content, that is, the actual application data is also there. Only the property of being a key field is not appropriate for structures in accordance with a data model. They do not serve to represent a database table in the ABAP Dictionary, but are a pure type definition instead. The DB Properties in the menu Extras have nothing to do with this topic, but are provided for other implementation options.

However, we refer to component and component type as opposed to field and field type, because, in contrast to transparent tables, it is possible to define complex structures. This means that, for example, it is possible to store a sub structure component under a component name. In the ABAP program, you can then define data objects using the Dictionary structure structured data type.

Therefore you can use it as a central data type definition, as is the case with a structure. The same applies to fields of transparent tables. If you have defined a foreign key relationship, the resulting value combinations will appear in the input help on the screen. If there is an error, the system also processes an automatic error dialog. For this you must define the data object for the data transport between the screen and the program using the TABLES statement.

Business Example You have to examine a specified ABAP program to see whether global data types are used in it, and if so, which ones. Task 1: Executing a Program 1. Display the object list for package BC Throughout the exercise, make sure that you remain in display mode.

Run the program to find out how it works. Task 2: There is an input field on the selection screen. What information must you pass to the program? Use the field help. What values can you enter? Use input help. What information does the program provide? What is the technical name of the input field? Use the Technical Information for the field help. Task 3: Two output fields appear on the screen. Find out the screen number. Choose Status from the System menu.

What information is displayed? What are the technical names of the display fields? Do the fields belong to a structure with a globally defined type? Task 4: Use the object list to analyze the source code of the program.